Atrial Fibrillation: How an Irregular Heartbeat Can Increase Stroke Risk
Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) is a common yet serious heart condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the heart’s upper chambers, the atria, beat irregularly, disrupting the normal flow of blood through the heart.
While it may seem harmless, AFib can increase the risk of severe complications, such as stroke. We will explore what Atrial Fibrillation is, how it differs from other heart conditions, and the latest treatments available to manage and prevent its risks.
What is atrial fibrillation?
Atrial Fibrillation, often referred to as AFib, is a type of arrhythmia—a disorder that causes an abnormal heart rhythm. Unlike the steady, regular heartbeat seen in a healthy heart, people with AFib experience irregular and sometimes rapid heartbeats.
This disrupts the blood flow to the heart, which can lead to clot formation. If a clot dislodges, it may travel to the brain, causing a stroke.
According to the American Heart Association, individuals with atrial fibrillation are five times more likely to experience a stroke than those without the condition.
What is the difference between atrial fibrillation and arrhythmia?
Now that we have covered what is atrial fibrillation, let’s understand how it differs from arrhythmia.
Many people confuse Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) with other types of arrhythmia, but it’s essential to understand the difference. Arrhythmia refers to any abnormal heart rhythm, and AFib is just one of several types.
While arrhythmias can range from harmless to life-threatening, AFib poses a higher risk due to its connection with strokes and other cardiovascular issues.
How does atrial fibrillation increase stroke risk?
The irregular heartbeat in AFib leads to stasis blood flow in the atria, which can cause blood to pool and form clots. These clots can travel through the bloodstream to the brain, leading to a stroke. The risk of stroke increases with age, high blood pressure, diabetes, and other underlying health conditions.
People with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AFib that isn’t caused by a heart valve problem) have a higher risk of stroke, but there are treatments available to manage and lower this risk.
Atrial fibrillation treatment: Managing your heart health
The treatment for Atrial Fibrillation aims to restore normal heart rhythm, control heart rate, and prevent stroke risk. There are several treatment options available, including:
- Medications: Drugs like blood thinners (anticoagulants) help reduce the risk of clot formation, while other medications control the heart’s rhythm or rate.
- Electrical cardioversion: In this procedure, doctors use electrical shocks to reset the heart’s rhythm to normal.
- Catheter ablation: A minimally invasive procedure that destroys the areas of the heart, causing abnormal electrical signals.
- Surgical options: In rare cases, surgery may be required to correct AFib or address underlying heart issues.
What is the latest treatment for atrial fibrillation?
The treatment landscape for Atrial Fibrillation continues to evolve with new technologies and therapies. The latest advancements include:
- Cryoablation: This technique uses extreme cold to destroy the problematic tissue causing AFib.
- Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC): An approach in reducing stroke risk in people with non-valvular AFib by sealing off the part of the heart where blood clots often form.
- Wearable devices: New wearable devices monitor heart rhythms, helping detect AFib early and alert healthcare providers when treatment is needed.
Regular check-ups and early detection of AFib can significantly reduce the risks of stroke and other complications.
How do you check blood pressure with atrial fibrillation?
Monitoring blood pressure in individuals with Atrial Fibrillation is crucial since high blood pressure is a significant risk factor for stroke and other heart-related issues.
However, measuring blood pressure in AFib patients can be tricky because irregular heartbeats may lead to inaccurate readings. It’s essential to use a reliable, well-calibrated device and seek guidance from your doctor on how often to monitor your blood pressure.
Consistent monitoring and medication adjustments can help maintain healthy blood pressure levels and lower the risk of stroke.
What is non-valvular atrial fibrillation?
Non-valvular Atrial Fibrillation refers to AFib that is not caused by heart valve issues. This type of AFib is more common and often linked to other health conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, sleep apnea and obesity.
It carries a heightened risk of stroke and requires careful management through anticoagulant medications and lifestyle changes.
The majority of people with atrial fibrillation have non-valvular AFib, which can be managed effectively with the right treatment.
Symptoms and diagnosis: How to know if you have atrial fibrillation?
Recognizing the symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation early can make a big difference in treatment outcomes. Common signs include:
- Irregular or rapid heartbeat
- Shortness of breath
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Fatigue or weakness
- Chest discomfort
The diagnosis of AFib is usually made through an ECG (electrocardiogram), which records the heart’s electrical activity. This noninvasive test can detect irregular heart rhythms.
If AFib is suspected, your doctor may perform additional tests such as a Holter monitor or echocardiogram to more thoroughly assess the heart’s function.
An ECG is the most effective tool for diagnosis, providing real-time data on your heart’s electrical activity.
Consult Dr Tamkeen Kinah for best atrial fibrillation treatment
Atrial fibrillation may seem like a daunting condition, but with the right treatment, it can be managed effectively, and the risk of stroke can be significantly reduced.
Dr Tamkeen Kinah offers specialized care for patients with AFib, providing personalized treatment plans that address both the heart’s rhythm and stroke prevention.